Salmonella Electrocuted

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Salmonella a rod shaped bacteria with a length of ~2 to 5 µm and a width of ~ 0.7 to 1.5 µm well-known for being a typhoid agent. The serotype Salmonella typhi which is the causative agent for typhoid while other non-typhoid serotypes like  Salmonella typhimurium and Salmonella enteritids usually cause diarrhoea and abdominal pains from which the healthy individuals seem to recover whereas a sub-Saharan Africa outbreak of these non-typhoid serotypes has resulted in a mortality rate estimated at 20 – 25 %.
The origin of the causative agent consumed may be different and people can be infected by food contaminated with faeces. The food can get contaminated during the butchering process, seafood sourced from contaminated water, infected chickens laying contaminated eggs, and fresh fruit and vegetables being washed with unclean water.
Even though the foods contaminated by Salmonella look and smell normal the monitoring needs to be highly sensitive as the person can be infected even from a very minuscule dose of 10 cells. The conventional method requires 3-4 days while the expensive polymerase chain reaction which requires pricey equipment and reagents which might get inhibited by the presence of some          chemicals in the food.
The Electrochemical measurement offers another substitution technique wherein detection of the infectious analytes can be done at a much smaller concentration and with cheap instrument. Voltammetry technique is used to measure the chemical concentration by the reduction or oxidation of the chemical at an electrode.
This can be done via Immunoassay where the binding specificity between an anti-body and an antigen is used for the analytical recognition. In order to circumvent the problem aroused by the adsorption of other food particles on the electrode surface; immunomagnetic separation method is used wherein micron-sized magnetic beads coated with antibodies selective to the analyte can again be separated from the sample matrix and re-suspended in a solution more amenable to electrochemical measurement.
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These findings were described in the paper titled “Electrochemical Immunoassay for Salmonella typhimurium Based on an Immuno-Magnetic Redox Label”, co-supervised by Mithran Somasundrum from National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, a part of the National Science and Technology Development Agency of Thailand published in the journal Electroanalysis.

Regards
Chris Hazel
Program Co-ordinator | Materials Electrochemistry 2018
E-mail: electrochemistry@materialsconferences.org

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